GROWTH HABIT, RATE: ADAPTABILITY:
Grows into a dense, narrowly-pyramidal form, to 15-20 feet.

ADAPTABILITY:
Prefers a well-drained but moist soil.

FUNCTIONS:
Screen, hedge, specimen.

PROBLEMS AND MAINTENANCE:
Several pests including holly leaf miners, two-lined spittlebugs, spider mites and scale. Some nitrogen application may be required to keep plants green.

NATIVE RANGE:
Hybrid: I. aquifolium X I. pernyi

USEFUL RANGE (USDA Zones):
 Zones 6-8

SUBSPECIES, VARIETIES, CULTIVARS:
'Brilliant'- sets fruit without a pollinator (might be a cross I. aquifolium X I. ciliospinosa).
'Dragon Lady'-narrow upright form, very glossy leaves.
'San Jose'- compact upright form, broader than other cultivars.