GROWTH HABIT, RATE:
Pyramidal, loose, open, habit. Medium growth rate.

ADAPTABILITY:
Full sun, moist, well-drained soil. Cool moist atmosphere, sheltered from strong winds.

FUNCTIONS:
Screen, specimen tree, rock garden (dwarf forms), bonsai.

PROBLEMS AND MAINTENANCE:
None significant.

NATIVE RANGE:
Japan

USEFUL RANGE (USDA Zones):
Zones 5-8

SUBSPECIES, VARIETIES, CULTIVARS:
Three foliage types: 'filifera'- pendant threadlike branches; 'plumosa'- similar to species type, more plumose, leaves spread away from stem; 'squarrosa'- soft, needle-like leaves, spreading widely from stem. Within each group, many cultivars and varieties.

Hort 3103 List Eleven