Honors Introduction to Philosophy Richard Lee
Philosophy 2003 H 001, 002Autumn 2006

Tentative

First Examination: Questions

[Be sure you are familiar with the format and ground rules for this exam.]

Questions will be referred to by their "names," listed to their left.

"Name"    Question
P-PHIWhat is philosophy? Name the main branches of philosophy and explain what sorts of questions each asks. Give examples of what it is to do philosophy.
P-WISEIn what sense does Socrates think he is wise? Explain.
P-CORRHow does Socrates defend himself against the charge that he corrupts the youth? Explore Socrates's argument.
P-GODHow does Socrates defend himself against the charge that he does not believe in the gods?
P-DIBSocrates offered an argument that death is a blessing. Explicate and critically discuss this argument.
P-SWASocrates says "I am looking for one virtue, I have found you to have a whole swarm of them." What is it that Socrates is looking for? Why is he unsatisfied with the "swarm?" Explain how he talks Meno into his position that "the virtue of all is the same." Critically discuss.
P-77BWhat account of virtue does Meno offer at 77b and how does Socrates critique that account?
P-BADExplain Socrates' argument that "no one wants what is bad." Critically discuss the argument.
P-SEKMeno asks "How will you look for it, Socrates, when you do not know at all what it is?" What is the problem Meno is pointing out here? How does Socrates propose to solve it? Does he succeed? Critically discuss.
P-SK2Socrates brings up a quick argument to show that a person cannot search for anything. Explicate and critically discuss that argument.
P-RECExplain Socrates' theory of recollection. What problem was it supposed to solve? Does it do so? Why or why not? Critically discuss.
P-GEOWhat points (other than points about geometry) does Socrates try to bring out in his extended example of working a geometry problem with a slave boy? Does the example serve well to illustrate those points? Critically discuss.
P-CANHow does Socrates argue that virtue can be taught? Explicate and critically discuss the argument.
P-CNTHow does Socrates argue that virtue cannot be taught? Explicate and critically discuss the argument.
P-K&OCompare and contrast knowledge and right opinion, as seen by Socrates. Which, if either, is more valuable, and why? Critically discuss.
PC-FOR Describe several arguments (several reasons, that is) Crito gives to Socrates for why Socrates should escape from prison. Explain Socrates' response to these arguments.
PC-RET Socrates argues that we should not retaliate against those who wrong us. Explain how he uses this claim to argue against escaping from prison.
PC-MANY In both the Crito and the Apology Socrates offers arguments that one should value the opinions of the one (or at least the few), not those of the many. Explicate and critically discuss these arguments.
PC-LAWS In Plato's dialogue the Crito the "laws" offer arguments to Socrates for why he should not escape prison. Explicate and critically discuss the argument based on "a just agreement."
PC-FOR Crito offers several arguments for why Socrates should escape from prison. Explain and critically discuss these arguments.
PC-OPIN According to Socrates, whose opinions should be valued, and whose not? Why? Critically discuss.
PC-NOT Socrates argues that he should not escape from prison. Carefully explain his argument in detail. Critically discuss.
PC-END Plato's dialogue the Crito nearly ends with Socrates saying to Crito "As far as my present beliefs go, if you speak in opposition to them, you will speak in vain. However, if you think you can accomplish anything, speak." Crito replies "I have nothing to say, Socrates." Thus we don't get any attempted refutation of the arguments Socrates has put forward. That's where you come in. Socrates has argued that he should not escape from prison. Since Crito does not do it, this is your opportunity to offer critique and critical discussion of Socrates' arguments. That will require, of course, clarifying the arguments you critique.


Richard Lee, rlee@uark.edu, last modified: 8 September 2006