GERUNDIVA

GERUNDIVE: Verbal adjective of the 1st & 2nd declension. As PASSIVE adjectival forms, GERUNDIVES modify nouns, with which they agree in CASE, NUMBER, and GENDER. Being passive, they do not take an object. Translate them as "needing to be X-ed," or "must be X-ed," with X being the meaning of the verb from which they are derived.

GERUNDIVE: VERBAL ADJECTIVE present verb stem + [-nd-] + case ending (1st & 2nd declension)    (M) singularis  pluralis  (F) singularis  pluralis  (N) singularis  pluralis  nominativus  ama-nd-us  ama-nd-i ama-nd-a   ama-nd-ae  ama-nd-um  ama-nd-a  accusativus  ama-nd-um  ama-nd-os  ama-nd-am   ama-nd-as  ama-nd-um  ama-nd-a  genetivus  ama-nd-i  ama-nd-orum  ama-nd-ae   ama-nd-arum  ama-nd-i  ama-nd-orum  dativus  ama-nd-o  ama-nd-is  ama-nd-ae   ama-nd-is  ama-nd-o  ama-nd-is  ablativus ama-nd-o   ama-nd-is  ama-nd-a   ama-nd-is  ama-nd-o  ama-nd-is

EXEMPLA: Marcus [pulsandus] dicit, "Non es Dominus meus, Iuli!" Marcus, [needing to be hit,] says: "You are not my master, Iulius!" Aemilia, quae [verenda] est, Marcum pulsavit. Aemilia, who [must be feared,] beat Marcus. Marcus matrem suam [verendam] deridet . Marcus mocks his mother [needing to be feared.]

Liber Grammaticus Latinus /\\||\\/ Classis Latina MIII Pagina Villae