GERUNDIVA


 GERUNDIVE:

  • Verbal adjective of the 1st & 2nd declension.
  • As PASSIVE adjectival forms, GERUNDIVES modify nouns, with which they agree in CASE, NUMBER, and GENDER. Being passive, they do not take an object. Translate them as "needing to be X-ed," or "must be X-ed," with X being the meaning of the verb from which they are derived.

 GERUNDIVE: VERBAL ADJECTIVE

present verb stem + [-nd-] + case ending (1st & 2nd declension)
   (M) singularis  pluralis  (F) singularis  pluralis  (N) singularis  pluralis
 nominativus  ama-nd-us  ama-nd-i ama-nd-a   ama-nd-ae  ama-nd-um  ama-nd-a
 accusativus  ama-nd-um  ama-nd-os  ama-nd-am   ama-nd-as  ama-nd-um  ama-nd-a
 genetivus  ama-nd-i  ama-nd-orum  ama-nd-ae   ama-nd-arum  ama-nd-i  ama-nd-orum
 dativus  ama-nd-o  ama-nd-is  ama-nd-ae   ama-nd-is  ama-nd-o  ama-nd-is
 ablativus ama-nd-o   ama-nd-is  ama-nd-a   ama-nd-is  ama-nd-o  ama-nd-is


 EXEMPLA:

  • Marcus [pulsandus] dicit, "Non es Dominus meus, Iuli!" Marcus, [needing to be hit,] says: "You are not my master, Iulius!"
  • Aemilia, quae [verenda] est, Marcum pulsavit. Aemilia, who [must be feared,] beat Marcus.
  • Marcus matrem suam [verendam] deridet . Marcus mocks his mother [needing to be feared.]


Liber Grammaticus Latinus /\\||\\/ Classis Latina MIII Pagina Villae