Week 1: What Cognitive Psychology is all about???

(1a) Simon, H.A. (1992). What is an "Explanation" of behavior? Psychological Science, 3, 150-161. (Available on reserve at Mullins Library)
(1b) Klahr, D. & Kotovsky, K. (2001). Remembering Herb Simon.APS Observer, 14(4). 14-15, 32-33. (Available on reserve at Mullins Library)
(1c) Loftus, E.F. & Palmer, J.C. (1974). Reconstruction of automobile destruction: An example of the interaction between language and memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 13, 585-589. (available online)
 

Week 2:Categories and the Organization of Knowledge

(2a) Readings from Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations (available online)
(2b) Coley, J. D., et al. (1999). Inductive reasoning in folkbiological thought. In D. L. Medin & S. Atran (Eds.), Folkbiology (pp. 205-232). Cambridge, MA: Bradford.(available online)

Week 3: Imagery, Memory and Consciousness

(3a) N.J.T. Thomas (1999). Are Theories of Imagery Theories of Imagination?
An Active Perception Approach to Conscious Mental Content. Cognitive Science, 23, 207 - 245. (available online)

(3b) Jacoby, L.L. & Kelley, C.M. (1992). A process-dissociation framework for investigating unconscious influences: Freudian slips, projective tests, subliminal perception, and signal detection theory. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1, 174-179.
(Available on reserve at Mullins library)

Neuroscience

Some articles on this reading list are available on the course website as PDF files that can be read by Adobe Acrobat Reader (Available free at http://www.adobe.com).  These articles are indicated by [PDF] and can be downloaded by clicking on the link.  The remaining articles are on reserve in Mullins Library.
 
Week 1 (Sept. 16-20)

1. Thompson, R. F. (2000).  The brain:  A neuroscience primer (3rd ed).  New York:  Worth Publishers.  (Available on reserve at Mullins Library)
Chp. 1.  Brain and neuron
Chp. 2.  Neuron
These chapters provide you with the background needed to understand what follows.

2. Brain imaging and Recording brain electrical activity.  Excerpts from Beatty, J. (2001).  The human brain.  Thousand Oaks, CA:  Sage Publications.  (Available on reserve at Mullins Library)
This provides an overview of the various types of human brain scans.

Week 2 (Sept. 23-27)

3. Sacks, O.  (1985).  The man who mistook his wife for a hat, and other clinical tales.  New York: Harper & Row.  (Available on reserve at Mullins Library)
Chp. 1.  The man who mistook his wife for a hat.
Chp. 4.  The man who fell out of bed.
These two chapters provide illustrations of what life is like with certain types of brain damage.  Chp. 1 describes a patient who suffers from, among other things, prosopagnosia, or the inability to recognize faces.  Chp. 4 describes a patient who suffers from anosognosia, which in its extreme form results in the inability to distinguish self from non-self.

4. Zeki, S.  (1992).  The visual image in mind and brain.  Scientific American, 267 (3), 68-76.  (Available on reserve at Mullins Library)
This article discusses how the brain represents and analyzes visual information, and assembles the results into a unified perception of the world.   In reading this article, don’t worry about the detailed anatomy of V1; rather, focus on the role of higher cortical areas (e.g., V3, V4, and V5) and how our apparently seamless conscious visual experience requires the participation and interaction of all these areas with each other and with V1 and V2.

Optional (not required!) article
Crick, F., & Koch, C.  (1998).  Consciousness and neuroscience.  Cerebral Cortex 8, 97-107.  (PDF)
 This is THE Francis Crick who, along with James Watson, discovered the structure of DNA in the early 1950s, for which they later won the Nobel Prize in physiology and medicine.  This article is a broad-ranging discussion of some of the issues in the search for the mechanisms of consciousness in the brain.  I include it for those who want to delve further into this topic, but the specific information in this article will not be covered on the exam.

Week 3 (Sept. 30 - Oct. 4)

5. Milner, B., Squire, L., & Kandel, E.R. (1998).  Cognitive neuroscience and the study of memory.  Neuron,  20, 445-468.  (PDF)
This article reviews some of the contributions of neuroscience to our understanding of memory.  Note that I have assigned only the first portion (pp. 445-453).  I should mention that one of the authors of this article (Eric Kandel) won the 2000 Nobel Prize in physiology and medicine for his research on memory mechanisms.

Note:  In reading articles 6-9, be aware that the terms ventromedial prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal prefrontal cortex refer to the same area of the brain and are used interchangeably.

6. Gazzaniga, M. S., Irvy, R. B., & Mangun, G. R.  (1998).  Cognitive neuroscience:  The biology of the mind.  New York:  W. W. Norton.  (Available on reserve at Mullins Library)
Portions of Chp. 11.  Executive functions and the frontal lobes.
This provides an overview of some aspects of frontal lobe function.  It includes a summary of Antonio Damasio’s somatic marker hypothesis, which is relevant in reading the remaining articles.

7. Bechara, A., Damasio, H., Tranel, D., & Damasio, A. R.  (1997).  Deciding advantageously before knowing the advantageous strategy.  Science, 275, 1293-1295.(PDF)
This describes one of the experiments that supports the somatic marker hypothesis.

8. Dolan, R. J.  (1999).  On the neurology of morals.  Nature Neuroscience, 2, 927-929.  (PDF) 
More on the function of the frontal lobes.

9. Damasio, A. R.  (1999).  How the brain creates the mind.  Scientific American, 281 (6), 112-117. (Available on reserve at Mullins Library)
This is one person’s view of the relationship between the brain and the mind.  You should make up your own mind (or is it brain?).

“Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.”
Arthur C. Clarke
 
Language

The Following Readings Are on Reserve at the Library:

Pinker, S. (1995).  The Language Instinct.   New York:  William Morrow (Chs. 1
and 4).

Saffran, J., Aslin, R.A., & Newport, E.  Statistical learning by 8-month-old
infants.  Science, 274, 1926-1928.    (This is also available at
www.sciencemag.org by conducting an author search for Saffran)

Powers, R. (1995).  Galatea 2.2 (excerpts).  New York:  Farrar Strauss Giroux

my homepage address is comp.uark.edu/~dbehrend

Artificial Intelligence

Reading list for the artificial intelligence portion of Cognitive Science I

1. John Haugeland "What is Mind Design" chapter 1 in Mind Design II pp. 1-28

2. Daniel Dennett "Can Machines Think?" chapter 1 in Brainchildren pp. 3-29

3. Nils J. Nilsson chapters 13, 14, and 15 in Artificial Intellegence pp. 217 - 250

4. Daniel Dennett "Cognitive Wheels: The Frame Problem of Artificial Intelligence" chapter    11 in Brainchildren pp. 181 - 205

5. Paul Churchland "On the Nature of Theories: A Neurocomputational Perspective" chapter 10    in Mind Design II pp. 251 - 292

6. Daniel Dennett "The Practical Requirements for Making a Conscious Robot" chapter 9 in    Brainchildren pp. 153 - 170

7. Daniel Dennett "When Philosophers Encounter Artificial Intelligence" chapter 18 in Brainchildren pp. 265 - 276