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Fred
Stephen's Lab
Our lab
is conducting research on an unprecedented population increase
in red oak borer, Enaphalodes rufulus (Haldeman)
in the Arkansas Ozark National Forest. This population outbreak
is in conjunction with a widespread oak decline event. This
situation is unique in that this normally innocuous native
long-horned beetle has not been indicted in other oak decline
events and has not previously been associated with tree
mortality. As a lab we’ve developed intensive and
extensive sampling procedures to assess within-tree population
variables, including mortality in northern red oak, Quercus
rubra L. We have also developed a rapid estimation
procedure (REP) that allows population estimation at the
stand and landscape level. The REP is a simple survey method
based 2 variables, crown condition and number of emergence
holes on the lower 2 m of the bole, which can be assessed
in less than 2 minutes. We are also working with the Center
for Advanced Spatial Technologies (CAST) using satellite
images and GIS technology to build red oak borer infestation
maps which will soon be available online. |
Lab
Members and Their Work |
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John
Riggins (Ph.D.) from Nebraska in 2004 where
he earned a M.S. in Biology studying the effects of restoration
practices on soil macro-invertebrates of wet meadows along
the Platte River. He is currently working in cooperation
with the Center for Advanced Spatial Technologies (CAST)
at the University of Arkansas utilizing remote sensor data
to detect and classify red oak borer related oak decline. |
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Laurel
Haavik (Ph.D.)
is from Lawrence, Kansas where she recieved her undergraduate
degree from the University of Kansas in Ecology and Evolutionary
Biology.
Laurel's Dissertation Title is Historical population dynamics
of red oak borer (Enaphalodes rufulus (Haldeman)
(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)) in the Ozark and Ouachita National
Forests: potential controlling and regulating factors. Her
research focuses on historical abundance of red oak borer
in Arkansas forests. She is currently investigating spatial
and temporal aspects of changes in this insect’s population
levels, and hopes to determine the role of drought and other
potential controlling factors in the recent outbreak. View
Laurel's CV (PDF).
She
likes to cook, knit, and sew in her free time.
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Robin
Verble (M.S.) grew up in southern Indiana and
completed her undergraduate at the University of Southern
Indiana in biophysics.
Robin's
research assesses the abundance of Camponotus pennsylvanicus,
the black carpenter ant, in the Ozark Mountains of Arkansas.
Specifically, she is examining whether prescribed fire,
aspect, or red oak infestation history class affects the
abundance of these ants. Her primary interests are fire
ecology, ants and ant diversity, predator-prey interactions,
and red oak borer. Feel
free to contact her for more information.
In her
spare time she enjoys hiking, camping, kayaking, and traveling.
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Larry
Galligan (Program Technician) |
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Josh
Jones(Service Assistant) |
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Megan
Wheeler (Webmaster) |
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| Presentations &
Publications |
Poster or PDF
(click to see full size)
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| 2007
Presentations |
| 2007 Oral/Paper
Presentations |
- Haavik, L.J., and F.M. Stephen. Historical
abundance of red oak borer (Enaphalodes rufulus (Haldeman)
(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)) in the Ozark and Ouachita National
Forests of Arkansas. Paper presentation at the Entomological
Society of America Meeting. December 9-12, 2007. San Diego,
CA.
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- Reed, A.S., Billings, S.A., Stephen, F.M., Haavik,
L.J. Moisture availability as an influence on the
stable oxygen and carbon isotopes of Quercus rubra tree-rings.
Poster presentation at Ecological Society of America. August
4-10, 2007. San Jose, CA.
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- Haavik, L,J. and F.M. Stephen. Historical
populations of red oak borer in the Ozark and Ouachita National
Forests of Arkansas. Paper presentation at 50th Southern
Forest Insect Work Conference. July 23-26, 2007. Jekyll
Island, GA.
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- Riggins, J. J., L. Haavik, R. Verble, L. D. Galligan,
M. McClung, F. M. Stephen. 2007. Discussion
on continuing red oak borer research in the Ozarks. Field
trip stop and oral presentation. Joint Arkansas Registered
Foresters and Arkansas Division of the Society of American
Foresters, Arkansas Tech University, Russellville, AR.
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- Riggins, J. J., F. M. Stephen, and J.
A. Tullis. 2007. Estimation of Upland Oak Forest Biomass
from LIDAR-derived Statistics. AmericaView National Meeting,
Fayetteville, Arkansas. (Invited Oral Presentation)
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- Stephen, F. M., M. K. Fierke, J. J. Riggins, and
L. J. Haavik. 2007. Red oak borer: here today,
gone tomorrow? International Union of Forest Research Organizations
(IUFRO), Vienna, Austria.
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- Riggins, J. J., F. M. Stephen, and J.
A. Tullis. 2007. Seeing the Forest AND the Trees: High Resolution
Remote Sensor Technology and a Destructive Forest Insect
Pest. Southern Forest Insect Work Conference, Jekyll Island,
GA.
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- Tullis, J.A., J. Wilson, J. Defibaugh, F.M. Stephen,
M. Fierke and J. J. Riggins. 2007. Remote Sensing-assisted
Decision Support for Red Oak Borer Hazard Response in Upland
Oak-hickory Forests. American Society of Photogrammetry
and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) Annual Convention, Tampa, Florida.
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| Publications
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Full
Article |
- Aquino, L.D., Tullis, J.A., and Stephen, F.M.. 2008.Modeling red oak borer, Enaphalodes rufulus(Haldeman),
damage using in situ and ancillary landscape data. ForestEcology and Management 255 (2008) 931–939.
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- Haavik, L.J., Stephen, F.M., Fierke, M.K., Salisbury, V.B., Leavitt, S.W., and Billings, S.A.. 2008.Dendrochronological parameters of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.(Fagaceae)) infested with red oak borer
(Enaphalodes rufulus (Haldeman)(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)). Forest Ecology and Management 255 (2008)1501–1509.
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- Vanessa L. Muilenburg , F. L. Goggin , S. L. Hebert , L. Jia and F. M. Stephen. 2008. Ant predationon red oak borer confirmed by field observation
and molecular gut-contentanalysis. Agricultural and Forest Entomology (2008), 10, 1–9.
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- Fierke, M.K., and Stephen, F.M. 2007. Red Oak Borer (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Flight Trapping In The Ozark National Forest, Arkansas. Florida Entomologist
90(3):488-494.
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- Fierke, M.K., Kelley, M.B., Stephen, F.M. 2007. Site and stand variables influencing red oak borer, Enaphalodes rufulus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), population densities andtree mortality. Forest Ecology and Management 247 (2007) 227–236.
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- Crook, D.J., M.K. Fierke, A. Mauromoustakos,
D.L. Kinney, F.M. Stephen. 2007. Optimization
of sampling methods for within-tree populations of red
oak borer, Enaphalodes rufulus (Haldeman) (Coleoptera:
Cerambycidae). Environ. Entomol. 36:589-594.
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- M. Brent Kelley, Wingard S.W., Szalanski, S.L.,
and Stephen, F.M. 2005. Molecular Diagnostics
of Enaphalodes Rufulus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae).
Florida Entomologist 89(2): 251-256.
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- Ware, V. L.; Stephen, F. M. 2006. Facultative
Intraguild Predation of Red Oak Borer Larvae (Coleoptera:
Cerambycidae). Environmental Entomology, Volume 35, Number
2, April 2006, pp. 443-447(5).
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- Fierke, M.K., D.L. Kinney, V.B. Salisbury, D.J.
Crook, and F.M. Stephen. 2005. Development and
Comparison of Intensive and Extensive Sampling Methods
and Preliminary Within-Tree Population Estimates of Red
Oak Borer (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in the Ozark Mountains
of Arkansas. Environ. Entomol., 34(1): 184-192.
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- Fierke, M.K., Kinney, D.L., Salisbury, V.B.,
Crook, D.J., and Stephen, F.M. 2005. A rapid
estimation procedure for within-tree populations of red
oak borer (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Forest Ecology and
Management 215 (2005) 163–168.
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- M. K. Fierke; D. L. Kinney; V. B. Salisbury;
D. J. Crook; F. M. Stephen. (2005) Development
and Comparison of Intensive and Extensive Sampling Methods
and Preliminary Within-Tree Population Estimates of Red
Oak Borer (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in the Ozark Mountains
of Arkansas. Environmental Entomology. 2005, vol. 34,
no. 1, pp. 184 - 192. (Abstract)
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Crook, D. J., F. M Stephen,
M. K.Fierke, D. L. Kinney & V. B. Salisbury.
(2004) Biology and sampling of red oak borer populations
in the Ozark mountains of Arkansas. Spetich, M.A., ed.
Upland Oak Ecology. A Symposium: history, current conditions,
and sustainability. Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-73. Asheville,
NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,
Southern Research Station: 223-228. In press.( Abstract)
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- Stephen, F. M., V. B. Salisbury and
F. L. Oliveria. 2003. Red oak borer, Enaphalodes rufulus
(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), in the Ozark Mountains of
Arkansa, USA: an unexpected and remarkable forest disturbance.
Integrated Pest Management Reviews.6:247-252.
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Stephen, F. M., V. B. Salisbury,
W. F. Limp & D. J.Crook. (2002)
Red oak borer, Enaphalodes rufulus (Coleoptera:
Cerambycidae), a Remarkable Epidemic of Oak Mortality
In The Interior Highland Forests. AFRC-CES sponsored
symposium in Little Rock, AR May 23, 2002.( Abstract)
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