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Project 922
Davis, Hester A.
1995 An Overview of Late Historic Domestic Sites in the Ouachita and Ozark-St. Francis National Forests. Submitted to Ouachita National Forest, Hot Springs. 48 pages + 2 appendices.
In anticipation of development of a historic context on Late Historic Rural Domestic sites in the mountainous areas of Arkansas, background research was conducted in secondary documents, AMASDA was searched for relevant information, and previous surveys and excavations on such sites was summarized. It was found that AMASDA presently does not contain useful data fields for this study, that diagnostic artifacts have not been identified in previous work, and that detailed study in primary sources will be necessary. Recommendations are made for establishing basic site types, for establishing criteria for recording these turn-of-the-century sites and for determining their eligibility for nomination to the National Register, and for examining presently recorded site files with the goal of possible amendments to AMASDA datafields to aid in identification and manipulation of information on these important historic sites.
Project 912
Stewart, Jack H., Deborah Weddle, Jami J. Lockhart, and Lindi J. Holmes
1994 The Archeology of the Buffalo National River. Submitted to Buffalo National River, Harrison. 190 pages.
In 1974, the Arkansas Archeological Survey provided the National Park Service with a summary of known information about archeological sites and the general prehistory of the area encompassed by the new Buffalo National River. In 1994, the National Park Service requested an update, and the Survey provided information on sites, projects, National Register properties, GLO maps, various GIS graphics, and other information useful to the new archeologist at the Buffalo National River. Most of this information is in the form of tables, maps, and photocopies of existing documents.
Project 792
Ewen, Charles R.
1992 Origin and Age of the Sunklands Using the Historic and Prehistoric Record. Submitted to Department of Geology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. 24 pages.
The sunklands of northeast Arkansas are a geographic anomaly whose formation folklore has long attributed to the 1811-1812 New Madrid earthquake. This has been difficult to verify due to the sparse historic record for the region prior to the nineteenth century and because stories of the devastation wrought by the earthquake have tended to be sensationalized. The evidence that does exist indicates that the area of the sunklands has always been low and swampy and that the earthquake accentuated this characteristic, forming the "sunklands."
Project 615
Limp, W. Fredrick
1986 Archeological Site Destruction in Arkansas. Submitted to Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi. 47 pages.
The current status of archeological site destruction in Arkansas is assessed using the AMASDA computerized site inventory. The situation is bleak. Statewide only 514 sites (out of more than 18,000) are known to be undisturbed. In northeastern Arkansas, total site destruction exceeds 50 percent of all known sites. Site preservation is much better in the mountainous areas, with more than 50 percent of the sites in the Ouachita Mountains remaining undisturbed. Federal regulatory control applies to only 15 percent of all site impacts, with the remaining 85 percent completely uncontrolled. Different impact types have significantly different degrees of destruction. Land leveling almost always leads to total destruction, while agricultural impacts are more moderate. Assessment of the site destruction in Arkansas in 1972 found the situation to be at a crisis level. Some improvement has been achieved, but major losses are accelerating. The situation still remains critical in 1986.
Project 592
Parker, Sandra, W. Fredrick Limp, James Farley, and Ian Johnson
1987 Database Management, Geographic Information Systems, and Predictive Modeling in the Forest Service. Submitted to the USDA Forest Service, Region 8, Atlanta, Georgia. 305 pages.
This study focuses on the role of automated data processing in improving the effectiveness and efficiency of managing cultural resources in the U.S. Forest Service Region 8. It concentrates on the potential for predictive locational modeling of cultural resources and the integration of the necessary data sources in a Geographic Information System. The comprehensive management plan for the region is illustrated by a pilot application in the Ozark-St. Francis National Forest in Arkansas.
Project 581
Limp, W. Fredrick, James Farley, Ellen Zahn, and Sandra Parker
1987 Arkansas Prehistoric and Historic Archeological Citation Database System, Version 1.1. Submitted to the National Park Service, Washington, D.C. Approx. 500 pages.
The Arkansas Prehistoric and Historic Archeological Citation Database was developed using INFORMIX-SQL to translate C programming language to user menus. The system operates in the UNIX operating environment and is capable of easily producing publication quality bibliographies in American Antiquity and other formats. The system will be accessible via telephone dial-up. Potentially citations can be identified and grouped by common keywords, cultural affiliations, material types, acres surveyed, times, counties, states, future recommendations, National Register potential, research questions, towns, and worktypes. Abstracts are also included in the specific Arkansas database citations.
Project 493/497/503
Sabo, George III, David Waddell, and John H. House
1982 A Cultural Resource Overview of the Ozark-St. Francis National Forests, Arkansas. Submitted to U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 275 pages.
The Ozark National Forest contains 452,523 hectares of land situated in the Ozark Plateau and Ouachita physiographic provinces of northwestern Arkansas. The St. Francis National Forest contains 8,477 hectares of land at the southern tip of Crowley's Ridge in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley portion of eastern Arkansas. This report describes the environment of these areas, and reviews previous archeological, ethnohistorical, and historical research pertinent to the Ozark-St. Francis National Forests. An overview is provided of prehistoric and historic cultural developments covering some 12,000 years and representing the adaptations of successive Native American, European, and Anglo-American populations to the changing Ozark environments. Known cultural resources (archeological and historic sites) are inventoried. Statistical analysis and evaluation of this data base identified four distinctive prehistoric adaptation types, and seven major historic activity periods. Patterns of land use represented by these adaptation types and activity periods provide a basis for delineating tentative site likelihood zones within the National Forests. Recommendations concerning the management of cultural resources within the Ozark-St. Francis National Forests are made. Two general recommendations are: (1) that additional archeological survey and analysis be carried out in order to refine the statistical approach to delineating site likelihood zones; and (2) development of an in-house training program to train Forest Service technical staff to recognize cultural resources in the field. Additional specific recommendations are provided within the framework of the Resource Protection Planning Process (RP3) proposed by the heritage Conservation and Recreation Service (now National Park Service).
Copyright
©1995, Arkansas Archeological Survey, Revised -
June 1997
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